ABSTRACT
Radionuclide-contaminated wounds are common in medical response to nuclear emergencies, which have different manifestations in different types of accidents. Medical treatment is the key part of the response. Based on the drill experience gained from medical response to nuclear emergencies, the authors summarize the research advances in radionuclide-contaminated wounds in recent years, mainly involving the biokinetic characteristics, medical response, surgical debridement, and prevention and treatment of internal contamination of radionuclide-contaminated wounds; the authors summarize the key points of technical operations and provide suggestions on improvements in the drills. The authors believe that medical treatment of radionuclide-contaminated wounds requires highly compatible integration of the practical skills from clinical medicine and radiological knowledge; emergency response, surgical debridement, and prevention and treatment of internal contamination all together constitute an integrated rescue and treatment strategy with internal logic correlations. However, targeted improvements are needed to achieve desired effects in the drills.
ABSTRACT
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a major polyphenol component in green tea. EGCG has high free radical scavenging activity, radiation protection efficiency, and metal-chelating capacity due to its unique structure with hydroxyl groups. EGCG and its derivatives have been reported in various fields. This paper reviews the effects of EGCG, including radiation protection, heavy metal ion adsorption, and promotion of heavy metal ion excretion. EGCG has the potential to be used as an ideal radiation protection agent, heavy metal adsorbent, and even excretion promoting agent.
ABSTRACT
Nuclear energy is widely used in various fields such as military, medicine, scientific research, industry and agriculture.Nuclear accident may lead to radiation damage to the bodyofpractitioners. At present, the treatment of severe bone marrow radiation sickness is still not ideal.Exosomes are small vesicles with a size of 30-130 nm secreted by living cells and carry a variety of active substances including protein, RNA, DNA, which isimportant medium of intercellular communication.The contents of exosomes can be used not only as biomarkers of radiation damage, but also for the treatment of radiation damage. This article reviewsthe research progress of the application of exosomes in radiological medicine and underlying mechanisms.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the formulation of the evaluation system of nuclear emergency medical rescue drills.Methods:By using the analytic hierarchy process, theoretical analysis and expert consultation, the evaluation system was established, and online questionnaires were used to investigate student satisfaction. Excel software was used for data entry, Matlab 6.5 software was used for weight calculation, and questionnaire data were authorized to SPSSAU online platform to analyze the correlation coefficient between trainees' attitude towards drills and satisfaction of the evaluation system.Results:An evaluation system of nuclear emergency medical rescue drills composed of multiple indicators was constructed, and the weights of each indicator of the system were obtained. The corresponding weights for group comprehensive proficiency, topic theoretical oral examination, personal practice and virtual system were 0.108, 0.557, 0.280 and 0.054, respectively. Simultaneously, the evaluation of the system by the trainees was investigated, and it was found that there was a significant correlation between the trainee's attitude towards the drills and satisfaction with the system.Conclusion:The nuclear emergency medical rescue evaluation system formed in this research is expected to provide theoretical methods for comprehensive evaluation of students' knowledge and capabilities, and at the same time it's helpful to improve the nuclear emergency rescue capabilities of students.
ABSTRACT
With the rapid development of nuclear technology in the fields of industry and medicine, the possibility of people suffering from radiation damage has also increased. Radiation injury prevention and treatment drugs are the most effective and direct means for the treatment and protection of radiation injury, but the current radiation injury prevention and treatment drugs have limited effects. Due to the unique valence structure of cerium nanomaterials, it has a variety of enzymatic simulation activities and reproducibility. It shows superior oxidation resistance, powerful free radical scavenging function, and can protect cells from radiation damage. It can be used as an ideal it is a radioprotective agent, and is used in a variety of biological fields. A review of relevant literature shows that the antioxidant properties, high SOD mimicking activity, free radical scavenging ability and radiation resistance of ceria nanoparticles are derived from the mutual conversion of Ce3+/Ce4+ and the formation of oxygen vacancies. This article mainly introduces the basis of anti-radiation activity of ceria nanoparticles, radiation protection effects and the research progress of radiotherapy sensitization, and provides theoretical basis and reference for ceria nanoparticles in the field of radiation direction.
ABSTRACT
In order to improve our military's medical support capabilities, the Army Military Medical University regularly organizes comprehensive military medical drills, of which nuclear emergency medical rescue is an important subject. Therefore, it is urgent to form a standardized teaching process of nuclear emergency medical rescue drills. Firstly, based on the two major tasks of nuclear emergency medical rescue, and "emergency treatment of nuclear wounded in killing area" and "early treatment of nuclear wounded in developing area," a nuclear emergency medical rescue drill teaching process has been formed, including "reconnaissance, detection, classification, decontamination and treatment". Then, it's applied to actual teaching, and the problems in teaching are found by analyzing the changes in the rescue ability of the students before and after learning. Finally, the corresponding improvement measures are put forward to open up new ideas for drill teaching.
ABSTRACT
Combined radiation-trauma injury is mainly observed in radiation treatment of cancer and radiation injury with traumatic patients. The prominent problem of combined radiation-trauma injury is delayed or prolonged wound healing. The mechanism of the impaired wound healing is complicated, and the current effective treatment method are limited. This paper reviews the mechanism and treatment of this impaired wound healing, including the cellular depletion, stromal cell dysfunction, aberrant collagen deposition, microvascular damage, as well as the targeted therapies for the impaired wound healing such as stem cell repletion, antioxidant therapy, transforming growth factor beta-1 ( TGF-β1 ) modulation, and implantable biomaterials. This paper is designed to provide a reference for further deep research on the mechanism and treatment of radiation-trauma injury.